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Mid-Autumn Festival

Mid-Autumn Festival

「 但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。 」

The Mid‑Autumn Festival is a celebration of reunion, with the full moon carrying the deepest human sentiments. Gazing at the moon, eating mooncakes, and drinking osmanthus wine — at this moment, all under heaven share the same moonlight. No matter…
Mid-Autumn Festival

The Mid‑Autumn Festival originated in the Tang dynasty and became widespread in the Song dynasty, celebrated on the night of the full moon on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Su Shi, in his ci poem “Water Melody · Mid‑Autumn Moon” (《水调歌头》), wrote: “人有悲欢离合,月有阴晴圆缺,此事古难全。但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。” (*People experience joy and sorrow, parting and reunion; the moon waxes and wanes, bright and dim — nothing has ever been perfect since ancient times. May we all be blessed with longevity; though miles apart, we share the same beautiful moonlight.*) These lines are regarded as the ultimate expression of Mid‑Autumn poetry. The festival’s core imagery is the “moon” and “roundness” — the full moon symbolises reunion and completeness. Moon‑gazing is the most important custom — as captured in the verse “中秋谁与共孤光。把盏凄然北望” (*With whom can I share this solitary moonlight on Mid‑Autumn? Raising my cup, I gaze northward in sorrow.*). Eating mooncakes is also indispensable — the round mooncake, like the full moon, signifies family reunion. Yan Shu, in his poem “Mid‑Autumn Moon” (《中秋月》), wrote: “未必素娥无怅恨,玉蟾清冷桂花孤。” (*Surely the Moon Goddess must have her regrets — the jade toad is cold, and the osmanthus tree stands alone.*) This adds a touch of melancholy and depth to this night of reunion. On Mid‑Autumn night, sharing the same moonlight across a thousand miles is the deepest longing of the human heart.

Next Mid-Autumn Festival in 327 days
Lunar Date
15th day of the 8th lunar month
Origin Dynasty
Tang dynasty
Popular Regions
Throughout China
Cultural Heritage
National Intangible Cultural Heritage

Festival Journey

  1. Pre‑Festival Preparations

    Preparations for the Mid‑Autumn Festival begin gradually from the start of t…

  2. The Day of the Mid‑Autumn Festival

    The Mid‑Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Tog…

  3. After the Festival

    According to tradition, the Mid‑Autumn Festival spans three days — the 14th…

Origins & Legends

History · Evolution · Legend

Mid-Autumn Festival · Origins & Legends

Tracing the Source · Historical Evolution

  • Han, Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties Although moon sacrifice and Autumn Reward customs had long existed, the Mid‑Autumn Festival as an independent festival had not yet formed during the Han, Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties period.
  • Tang Dynasty The Tang dynasty was the decisive period for the development of the Mid‑Autumn Festival
  • Song Dynasty If the Tang dynasty was the formative period of the Mid‑Autumn Festival, then the Song dynasty was its flourishing period
  • Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties Although the Yuan dynasty was ruled by the Mongols, they were deeply sinicised, and festival customs largely followed Han traditions

Festival Customs

Customs · Local Traditions · Everyday Life

Festival Foods

Food Traditions · Local Flavors · Taste

Poetry & Verse

Classics · Imagery · Legacy

Mid-Autumn Festival · Poetry & Verse

Representative Poems · Classic Selections

「水调歌头·明月几时有」

明月几时有?把酒问青天。
不知天上宫阙,今夕是何年。
我欲乘风归去,又恐琼楼玉宇,高处不胜寒。
起舞弄清影,何似在人间。

Historical Development Core Imagery Thematic Categories Mid-Autumn Festival Folk Songs Closing Reflections

Global Features

Overseas · Chinese Communities · Celebrations

Mid-Autumn Festival · Global Features

Overseas Celebrations · Lights of Chinese Communities

01
Festival Scenes Abroad United States

The United States is one of the countries with the world’s largest Chinese immigrant populations. Although the Mid-Autumn Festival is not a federal public holiday, in cities with substantial Chinese communities—including New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Philadelphia—it has become an important event on the urban cultural calendar. San Francisco: The 35th Mid-Autumn Autumn Moon Festival. On September 27–28, 2025, San Francisco Chinatown’s 35th Mid-Autumn street fair opened with great fanfare. People came from near and far to buy mooncakes and festival goods and to enjoy Chinese song and dance, dragon dances, and lion dances. San Francisco Chinatown’s Mid-Autumn street fair is one of the oldest and largest Mid-Autumn celebrations in the United States and has been held continuously for more than three decades. Philadelphia: Community organizations and multicultural participation. Philadelphia Chinatown’s 2025 Mid-Autumn Festival celebration was organized by two nonprofit organizations, PCDC (Philadelphia Chinatown Development Corporation) and AAU (Asian Americans United), drawing large numbers of Asian Americans as well as residents from many other ethnic communities. One of the most memorable moments came when a local American performer sang 《月亮代表我的心》 in Chinese, with remarkably standard pronunciation. The event also featured calligraphy, art displays, and inflatable play structures for children. Philadelphia’s Mid-Autumn celebration has now reached its 30th edition. Boston: Mid-Autumn Lantern Festival. Boston Chinatown held its Mid-Autumn Lantern Festival on September 13, 2025. Handmade lanterns filled the streets of Chinatown, creating an exceptionally vivid festive atmosphere. A wide range of cultural performances added to the celebration and attracted large numbers of local residents. New York: A Mid-Autumn celebration attended by the mayor. During the 2025 Mid-Autumn Festival, New York City Mayor Eric Adams specially invited members of the Chinese community to a Mid-Autumn celebration, where they shared mooncakes together. Mid-Autumn activities in New York Chinatown also included celebrations organized by local businesses and tastings of low-sugar mooncakes, offering healthier ways to mark the festival. One Chinese resident in the United States exclaimed: “Celebrating Mid-Autumn in America somehow felt like celebrating Chinese New Year! The Chinatown festivities really hit me emotionally… Red lanterns covered the entire street, and even the air smelled of sugar-roasted chestnuts and roast duck… I may physically be in America, but at that moment I truly felt, ‘where the heart finds peace, there is home’—此心安处是吾乡.”

02
Festival Scenes Abroad Canada

Canada’s Mid-Autumn celebrations are equally vibrant and diverse. From large night markets to community events honoring the elderly, from cultural exchanges in public libraries to folk performances in schools, together they form a richly varied portrait of the festival. Toronto: “The Moon Is Shared Across the World” Mid-Autumn Night Market. During the 2025 Mid-Autumn Festival, the Chinese Consulate General in Toronto supported a series of events under the theme “天涯共此时—中秋节”, expressing the poetic idea that people separated by great distances may still share the same moment beneath the same moon. The 2025 Mid-Autumn Night Market in Mississauga was a centerpiece of the series. Lasting three days and centered on the traditional Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival, the night market created a joyful festive atmosphere through food, lanterns, and cultural performances, while building a bridge for friendship and mutual understanding between the peoples of China and Canada. Organizers expected 30,000 visitors. The series also included a complete performance of the Peking opera 《白蛇传》 (The Legend of the White Snake) under the theme “National Opera Celebrates Mid-Autumn · The Moon Is Shared Across the World,” as well as the “Bank of China Night · The Moon Is Shared Across the World” concert. Montreal: An eight-hour celebration of Mid-Autumn culture. In October 2025, Montreal hosted a Mid-Autumn cultural celebration themed “明月寄情·共庆中秋”, evoking the sending of affection through the bright moon and the shared celebration of Mid-Autumn. The entire program lasted eight hours, featuring songs, dance, traditional opera, Chinese instrumental music, and other performances. Vancouver: Mid-Autumn folk culture showcase. On October 4, 2025, Vancouver United Chinese School held a large-scale “Mid-Autumn Folk Culture Showcase” at Moscrop Secondary School in Burnaby, attracting nearly 400 teachers and students from across the school. Calgary: A dual expression through community associations and the public library. Calgary’s Mid-Autumn celebrations were especially varied. On September 27, the long-established Calgary Chiu Chow Association took the lead in organizing a Mid-Autumn gathering honoring the elderly, combining the celebration of the festival with the traditional Chinese virtues of respecting and caring for older generations. More than one hundred community members of Chaozhou origin gathered together. On October 3, the Calgary Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai Friendship Association held a Mid-Autumn celebration. With an impromptu accordion accompaniment by an instructor from the Jasmine Choir, singing and laughter filled the venue. On October 5, Calgary’s New Central Library hosted a Mid-Autumn Youth Cultural Exchange, ranging from the making of snow-skin mooncakes, a soft, uncooked style of mooncake with a pale glutinous-rice-flour exterior, to calligraphy experiences and Chinese traditional instrumental music performed throughout the event. The activities attracted large numbers of people from different ethnic backgrounds. Music is a language without borders: the ensemble performed festive traditional Chinese pieces such as 《花好月圆》, whose title evokes “blossoming flowers beneath a full moon” and, by extension, happiness and completeness. Whatever their background, visitors entering the venue could immediately sense the joyful atmosphere of Mid-Autumn and its spirit of reunion. That evening, the nearly century-old Calgary 至孝笃亲公所 held a grand Mid-Autumn banquet honoring the elderly. Its chairman, Chen Zhiqiang, said: “At the heart of Mid-Autumn is ‘reunion,’ while the guiding principle of our association is ‘filial piety.’ When the moon in the sky becomes full, families on earth should come together. That, in itself, is the finest expression of ‘filial piety.’”

03
Festival Scenes Abroad United Kingdom

On October 5, 2025, London Chinatown held a Mid-Autumn Festival celebration organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association. Its chairman, Deng Zhuting, said that since its establishment, the association had remained committed to promoting cultural exchange between China and the United Kingdom and fostering harmony within the community. By organizing a Mid-Autumn celebration, it hoped that overseas Chinese could experience the warmth of home, the cohesion of community, and the beauty of multicultural coexistence even while living abroad. At the event, local residents tried traditional Chinese performance arts including kuaiban (快板), a rhythmic storytelling form performed with bamboo clappers, while performers dressed in Mongolian ethnic attire also took to the stage. People gathered in London Chinatown to watch the Mid-Autumn festivities and experience the atmosphere of the festival far from its homeland.

04
Festival Scenes Abroad Germany

Germany is one of the European countries with the richest range of Mid-Autumn activities. Berlin’s Gardens of the World: Tens of thousands celebrate Mid-Autumn together. On September 27, 2025, the annual Mid-Autumn celebration was held at Berlin’s Gardens of the World, where tens of thousands of German residents experienced the festival’s atmosphere of reunion amid laughter and festivity. Since the completion of its Chinese Garden, “得月园”, in 2000, the Gardens of the World has held Mid-Autumn celebrations every year. Berlin Mid-Autumn musical exchange. The Chinese Embassy in Germany and several German friendship organizations held a Mid-Autumn musical exchange in Berlin. German resident Isabella Hansen said: “I think it [the Mid-Autumn Festival] is a wonderful family gathering—a time to celebrate autumn together, enjoy delicious food together, and gaze romantically at the moon.” German resident Peter Krotzberg said: “The Mid-Autumn Festival lives up to its name because the moon is full. Looking at the moon, you feel peaceful and feel at home, because it returns to an ancient tradition: wishing that everything goes well throughout the year, that the harvest is abundant, and that everyone remains healthy.” The Chinese Cultural Center in Berlin also held a “天涯共此时” Mid-Autumn Concert, bringing together more than 180 guests from Chinese and German political, cultural, academic, and other circles, as well as representatives of cultural institutions from several countries based in Germany. German university student Phil Milenz said: “Holding this kind of event in Germany and having the opportunity to show Chinese culture to German audiences is very important, because culture can communicate with and understand other cultures through things such as music.” Eysach Palace: Mid-Autumn inside a castle. On October 11, 2025, a “Mid-Autumn Celebration” jointly organized by the Eysach Palace Museum, the Confucius Institute Nuremberg-Erlangen, and the Bayreuth Chinese Cultural Association was held at Eysach Palace in Bavaria. As Mid-Autumn entered a German castle, Eastern and Western cultures met and mingled within its historic architecture. Frankfurt Book Fair: A refined Mid-Autumn literary gathering. On October 17, 2025, the event “天涯共此时——中秋书香雅集”, organized by the China National Tourist Office in Frankfurt, was held at the Frankfurt Book Fair, bringing the atmosphere of Mid-Autumn into a gathering shaped by books and literary culture.

Visitor Guide

Preparation · Etiquette · Take Part with Confidence

Mid-Autumn Festival · Visitor Guide

Start with Understanding, Step into the Festival with Confidence

01 Before You Join Event Schedule and Venues ### Core Mid-Autumn Festival Dates The Mid-Autumn Festival falls each year on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, generally corresponding to late September through early October in the Gregorian calendar. Lantern festivals and public garden celebrations usually begin about one week before the festival and reach their peak on the official festival day. In some years, Mid-Autumn falls close to National Day, which can cause travel volumes to rise earlier than usual. The core schedule is as follows: Time Activity Description 1–2 weeks before the festival Mid-Autumn lantern festivals and public garden events begin Yuyuan Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn themed activities in parks around the country open successively Fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month Mid-Autumn Festival Day Moon-gazing, moon worship, eating mooncakes — the core day of celebration After the festival Some lantern festivals and garden events continue Events around the country gradually conclude ### Traditional Mid-Autumn Customs Mid-Autumn customs are rich and varied, carrying the Chinese nation’s hopes for reunion and happiness: Custom Description Moon-Gazing The festival’s most central activity. Families gather on Mid-Autumn night to admire the year’s roundest and brightest moon Worshipping the Moon One of the festival’s oldest origins. Moon worship was already popular among rulers and aristocrats before the Qin dynasty, and after the Ming and Qing periods became an especially important folk Mid-Autumn custom Eating Mooncakes The festival’s most representative food tradition. Mooncakes symbolize reunion and completeness, and the custom of using them as offerings in moon worship began around the Ming dynasty Admiring Osmanthus and Drinking Osmanthus Wine Osmanthus blossoms during Mid-Autumn, and appreciating the flowers while drinking osmanthus wine is a traditional refined pastime Admiring Lanterns Mid-Autumn lantern festivals are held throughout the country, with brilliant lanterns shining beneath the full moon Solving Lantern Riddles Riddles are hung from lanterns for visitors to solve ### Major Recommended Activities by Region West Lake, Hangzhou — Mid-Autumn Moon-Gazing at “Three Pools Mirroring the Moon”: Three Pools Mirroring the Moon on Hangzhou’s West Lake is a classic destination for Mid-Autumn moon-gazing. Around the festival, moonlight washes across the lake as three stone pagodas stand quietly in the water, their reflections rippling into three “bright moons,” creating the impression of crossing a thousand years to share the same moon once admired by people of the past. * Best Viewing Time: Mid-Autumn night * How to Experience It: Take a sightseeing boat for a close view, or admire it from Su Causeway or Bai Causeway * Reminder: West Lake becomes extremely crowded on Mid-Autumn night, so arrive early China Media Group Mid-Autumn Gala: The China Media Group Mid-Autumn Gala is broadcast live worldwide every year on the night of the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. The main venue changes annually and has previously been hosted in historic and cultural cities including Huainan in Anhui, Yibin in Sichuan, and Suzhou in Jiangsu. Under the theme “A Full Moon over China, Shared across the Ends of the Earth,” the gala presents an audiovisual celebration combining tradition and modernity. Simultaneous broadcasts on multiple platforms include CCTV-1, CCTV-3, CCTV-4, 4K/8K ultra-high-definition channels, CCTV News, Yangshipin, and others. Check official information for the relevant year in advance. Shanghai — Yuyuan Mid-Autumn Lantern Festival and Zuibaichi Garden Fair: * Yuyuan Mid-Autumn Lantern Festival: Yuyuan Garden Mall hosts a traditional lantern festival every Mid-Autumn season, with colorful lanterns illuminating historic architecture. * Zuibaichi Park Mid-Autumn Cultural Series: Mid-Autumn garden fair, poetic garden events, and the Zuibaichi poetry gathering. Beijing — Park Moon-Gazing and Mid-Autumn Lantern Festivals: * Jingshan Park: Climb to a high vantage point and view the Forbidden City together with the full moon. * Shichahai: Admire the moon beside the lake and experience the atmosphere of old Beijing during Mid-Autumn. * Major Parks: Mid-Autumn lantern festivals and public garden activities. Suzhou — Mid-Autumn Night Tours in Classical Gardens: * Humble Administrator’s Garden, Lingering Garden, and other classical gardens offer Mid-Autumn night visits, giving moon-gazing a distinctive garden atmosphere. * Jinji Lake: Moon-gazing beside the lake, where the modern cityscape and full moon reflect one another. Other Recommended Destinations: * Xi’an: Mid-Autumn themed events at Grand Tang Mall and moon-gazing from the city wall * Chengdu: Mid-Autumn garden events at Kuanzhai Alley and moon-gazing on Jinli Ancient Street * Guangzhou: Pearl River night cruise for moon-gazing and Mid-Autumn lantern festival at Cultural Park * Hong Kong: Mid-Autumn lantern carnival at Victoria Park 02 Before You Join Pre-Trip Preparation ### Visas and Entry Mid-Autumn destinations across China are subject to the country’s unified visa policies: * 240-hour visa-free transit for citizens of 54 countries: Travelers may enjoy visa-free transit for up to 240 hours, with permitted stay areas covering most administrative regions of China. * Tour groups from ASEAN countries: Organized tour groups may enter visa-free through designated ports. * Other nationalities: Apply in advance for a tourist visa, or L visa, through the relevant Chinese embassy or consulate and ensure that the passport remains valid for more than six months. * Latest Policies: Before departure, consult the official website of China’s National Immigration Administration or the relevant Chinese embassy or consulate. ### Adapting to the Climate The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, corresponding to late September through early October in the Gregorian calendar. By this time, China has entered autumn, with the following regional climate patterns: Region Temperature Range Climate Characteristics Clothing Recommendations North China (Beijing, Tianjin) 15°C–25°C Crisp autumn weather, noticeable day-night temperature difference Long-sleeved T-shirt, light jacket, comfortable long pants East China (Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou) 18°C–28°C Warm and pleasant, occasional autumn rain Long-sleeved T-shirt, light jacket, folding umbrella South China (Guangzhou, Shenzhen) 24°C–32°C Warm, occasionally affected by typhoons Short sleeves, light jacket, sun protection Central China (Wuhan, Changsha) 18°C–28°C Cool and comfortable Long-sleeved T-shirt, light jacket Southwest China (Chengdu, Chongqing) 17°C–26°C Warm and humid, occasional rain Long-sleeved T-shirt, light jacket, rain gear Northwest China (Xi’an, Dunhuang) 12°C–24°C Large day-night temperature difference, dry Layered clothing and a thicker outer layer Northeast China (Harbin) 10°C–20°C Cool, with chilly mornings and evenings Long sleeves, light jacket, warmer outerwear General Advice: Late September brings crisp autumn weather across much of China and is an excellent time for outdoor activities. However, day-night temperature differences can be pronounced, so layering is the most practical approach, allowing clothing to be added or removed as needed. Northern regions are dry and require attention to hydration, while southern areas may still experience autumn rain, so rain gear is recommended. ### Travel Insurance It is strongly recommended to purchase travel insurance covering: * Accidental injury and medical treatment for acute illness, including outpatient care * Loss of or damage to personal belongings * Travel delays or cancellations ### Currency and Payment * Currency: Renminbi (CNY). * Cash: Cash can be more reliable at night markets, lantern festivals, and fairs. Carrying RMB 200–400 is recommended. * Cards: Visa and MasterCard are accepted at major hotels and shopping centers. * Mobile Payment: Alipay and WeChat Pay are widely used throughout China. ### Communications and Internet * Important: During the Mid-Autumn holiday period, travel volume becomes concentrated, and 4G/5G networks may become congested at popular scenic areas and moon-gazing locations. It is strongly recommended to download offline maps in advance. Baidu Maps or AutoNavi are recommended; download maps for your destination cities while connected to Wi-Fi. 03 Before You Join How to Get There ### Major Event Destinations The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated nationwide, with different destinations offering distinctive moon-gazing and cultural experiences: Destination Featured Activities Transportation West Lake, Hangzhou Mid-Autumn moon-gazing at “Three Pools Mirroring the Moon” — a classic destination Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport; Hangzhou East Railway Station Beijing Mid-Autumn lantern festivals and moon-gazing activities in major parks Capital / Daxing airports; major Beijing railway stations Shanghai Yuyuan Mid-Autumn Lantern Festival; Zuibaichi Park Mid-Autumn Garden Fair Pudong / Hongqiao airports; Hongqiao Railway Station Suzhou Moon-gazing at Jinji Lake; Mid-Autumn night tours in classical gardens Shanghai Hongqiao / Pudong airports; Suzhou / Suzhou North railway stations Xi’an Mid-Autumn activities at Grand Tang Mall; moon-gazing from the city wall Xi’an Xianyang Airport; Xi’an North Railway Station Chengdu Mid-Autumn garden events at Kuanzhai Alley; moon-gazing at Jinli Shuangliu / Tianfu airports; Chengdu East Railway Station Guangzhou Pearl River night cruise for moon-gazing; Cultural Park lantern festival Baiyun Airport; Guangzhou South Railway Station ### Special Transportation Reminders The Mid-Autumn Festival is a national statutory holiday and generally includes three days off, including the weekend. Exact arrangements are subject to the State Council’s official announcement for the year. In some years, Mid-Autumn falls close to National Day, which can cause travel demand to rise earlier. Flights / High-Speed Rail: * The afternoon before the holiday and the morning of the first day are peak outbound periods, while the final holiday day is the peak return period. * Book flights and train tickets about one month in advance. * Tickets to popular destinations such as Hangzhou, Suzhou, and Xi’an can sell quickly; purchase them in advance through the Railway 12306 App. Driving: * Important: Expressways are not toll-free during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Toll-free travel applies only during the four national statutory holidays of the Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, Labor Day, and National Day. * Roads leading to major parks, scenic areas, and moon-gazing locations can become congested, so depart early. Urban Transportation Tips: * During the Mid-Autumn Festival, traffic controls are often implemented around major parks, squares, and moon-gazing locations. Public transportation is recommended. * Popular moon-gazing destinations can become extremely crowded, so arrive early. 04 Before You Join Accommodation Reservations Key Point Recommendation When to Book Mid-Autumn is generally a three-day holiday and accommodation can be tight in popular destinations. Book hotels about one month in advance Hangzhou Recommended Areas Around West Lake, especially Hubin and Broken Bridge, or Qianjiang New City Beijing Recommended Areas Around Jingshan Park, Shichahai, Wangfujing, or Qianmen Shanghai Recommended Areas Around Yuyuan, the Bund, or Zuibaichi Park in Songjiang Suzhou Recommended Areas Around Jinji Lake, Humble Administrator’s Garden, or Pingjiang Road Price Reference Rates generally rise during the holiday: budget around RMB 200–500 per night, mid-range RMB 500–1,000, high-end above RMB 1,000 Booking Platforms Major platforms such as Ctrip, Qunar, and Meituan; rooms with free cancellation are preferable Distinctive Experience Choose a garden-style hotel or lakeside hotel where you can open the window to moonlight and step outside directly into the scenery

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