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Spring Festival

Spring Festival

「 爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏。 」

Spring Festival customs center on bidding farewell to the old and welcoming the new, praying for blessings and auspicious fortune, and family reunion. They begin with the worship of the Kitchen God on the twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month…
Spring Festival

Spring Festival customs are rich and varied: on the twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month, people worship the Kitchen God; before New Year’s Eve, they sweep away dust, and because “dust” (尘, chén) and “old” (陈, chén) are homophones in Chinese, the custom carries the meaning of “clearing away the old and making way for the new”; on New Year’s Eve, the entire family gathers for the reunion dinner and stays up to welcome the New Year, while at midnight the sound of firecrackers bids farewell to the old year and ushers in the new; on the first day of the first lunar month, people put on new clothes, exchange New Year greetings, and give lucky money.

Next Spring Festival in 106 days
Lunar Date
1st day of the 1st lunar month
Origin
Ancient times (origin of the New Year)
Popular Regions
Throughout China and Chinese communities worldwide
Cultural Heritage
National Intangible Cultural Heritage

Festival Journey

  1. Pre‑Festival Preparations

    Preparations for the Spring Festival begin gradually from the eighth day of…

  2. New Year’s Eve

    New Year’s Eve is the most important day of the Spring Festival and the gran…

  3. The First Day of the First Lunar Month

    The first day of the first lunar month is the start of the New Year. People…

  4. The Second to the Fourteenth Day of the First Lunar Month

    From the second day onward, people continue visiting relatives and friends a…

  5. The 15th Day of the First Lunar Month: The Lantern Festival

    The 15th day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival (*Yuanxiao Jie…

Origins & Legends

History · Evolution · Legend

Spring Festival · Origins & Legends

Tracing the Source · Historical Evolution

  • Pre‑Qin Period The seeds of the Spring Festival can be traced back to the pre‑Qin period
  • Han Dynasty The Han dynasty was the crucial period when the Spring Festival truly took shape
  • Wei‑Jin and Southern‑Northern Dynasties During the Wei‑Jin period, Spring Festival customs became richer
  • Sui and Tang Dynasties By the Tang and Song dynasties, the Spring Festival entered its “Golden Age,” much like today’s “Golden Week.” The Tang court designated the New Year as a statutory holiday
  • Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties The Spring Festival in the Song dynasty was even more lively. In addition to continuing Tang customs, new rituals such as “offering farewell to the year,” “bidding farewell to the year,” and “staying up” appeared. Su Shi wrote in his poem “Staying Up on New Year’s Eve” (《守岁》): “明年岂无年,心事恐蹉跎。努力尽今夕,少年犹可夸。” (*Will there be no next year
  • Modern and Contemporary Period After the 1911 Revolution, 1 January in the Gregorian calendar was designated as Yuandan (元旦), and the first day of the first lunar month was officially called Spring Festival (春节)

Festival Customs

Customs · Local Traditions · Everyday Life

Festival Foods

Food Traditions · Local Flavors · Taste

Poetry & Verse

Classics · Imagery · Legacy

Spring Festival · Poetry & Verse

Representative Poems · Classic Selections

「元日」

爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏。
千门万户曈曈日,总把新桃换旧符。

Historical Development Core Imagery Thematic Categories Closing Reflections

Global Features

Overseas · Chinese Communities · Celebrations

Spring Festival · Global Features

Overseas Celebrations · Lights of Chinese Communities

01
Festival Scenes Abroad United States

The United States is one of the countries where Spring Festival celebrations are most active and visible. During the 2026 Year of the Horse, festivities unfolded on a broad scale from the East Coast to the West Coast. New York: From the Firecracker Cultural Fair to the Lunar New Year Parade. On February 17, Chinatown hosted a “Lunar New Year Firecracker Cultural Fair.” Dragon and lion dances, firecrackers, and a wide range of live activities drew thousands of visitors into the distinctive atmosphere of the Chinese New Year. On February 21, Flushing held the “2026 Lunar New Year Parade.” Elaborately decorated floats rolled through the streets to the thunder of gongs and drums as golden dragons twisted overhead and lions danced through the crowds, opening a wider series of Lunar New Year celebrations across the greater New York area. Over time, the parade has become part of the United States’ multicultural immigrant landscape, with growing participation from organizations and groups representing different ethnic communities. On March 1, the 28th New York Lunar New Year Charity Parade was held in Chinatown. New York Governor Kathy Hochul, New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani, and representatives from different sectors attended. Dozens of floats and more than one hundred marching contingents moved through Chinatown, accompanied by dragon and lion dances, Chinese song and dance performances, and other festive displays that drew large crowds along the streets. Los Angeles: A Century-Old Golden Dragon Parade. On February 21, Los Angeles staged the 127th Golden Dragon Parade, watched by large crowds lining the route. With more than a century of history, it is one of the city’s longest-running festival traditions, and more than one hundred groups registered to participate that year. Alongside Chinese community organizations, local political and business representatives, civic groups, and cultural organizations joined the procession. Groups from South Korea, Thailand, Japan, South America, and different communities within the United States were also specially invited. Zhuang Peiyuan, president of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce of Los Angeles, remarked: “The Spring Festival is not only a traditional festival of the Chinese community; it is also an annual celebration for the local community.” Landmark Illuminations and the Arrival of New Technology. On the evening of February 16, the Empire State Building was illuminated with Spring Festival-themed lights. Chinese-made intelligent robots also made their first appearance in New York’s Lunar New Year festivities, turning, waving, and interacting with spectators during the parade, drawing crowds of residents and tourists who stopped to watch and take photographs. Washington and California: Spring Festival in Multicultural Communities. Washington, D.C.’s largest Lunar New Year celebration has a history of more than sixty years. Dragon and lion dancers, middle-school marching bands, Scouts, and other parade groups fill the streets and lanes of Chinatown. Across California, Chinese communities organize activities such as zongzi-making, calligraphy, and paper-cutting workshops, inviting people of different generations and ethnic backgrounds to experience the beauty of Chinese culture together.

02
Festival Scenes Abroad Canada

Spring Festival celebrations in Canada are equally vibrant. In Vancouver, the Chinese community prepared a full program of events for the 2026 Year of the Horse. The Chinatown Storytelling Centre hosted special Lunar New Year painting sessions, introductions to the art of Spring Festival couplets, red-envelope making, candy tasting, and other cultural experiences. On February 19, the third day of the Lunar New Year, the Joint Council of Chinese Associations in Canada held the 2026 Bingwu Year of the Horse Spring Festival Temple Fair at the Greater Vancouver Chinese Cultural Centre. The annual Lunar New Year parade was staged in grand fashion at the iconic Millennium Gate, drawing tens of thousands of local residents and visitors. The 52nd Vancouver Chinatown Spring Festival Parade followed on February 22. In Toronto, the landmark CN Tower was illuminated in red to welcome the Lunar Year of the Horse. During the festival period, Chinatowns in Toronto and other cities were dressed in lanterns and festive decorations, while dragon and lion dances drew residents and tourists alike to stop and watch.

03
Festival Scenes Abroad Brazil

During the 2026 Year of the Horse, Brazil’s Carnival and the Chinese Spring Festival happened to coincide. At a grand Carnival parade staged in the historic old quarter of Recife, capital of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil, performers dressed in brilliant gold as a “golden dragon” surged and twisted above the crowd, weaving unmistakable Chinese imagery into the spectacle. Spectator Maria Oliveira said: “The Chinese New Year and Carnival work beautifully together. I believe this kind of interaction is deeply meaningful for cultural exchange and connection between the two countries.” Lu Gongrong, president of the Recife Association of Overseas Chinese and Chinese Residents, noted that the year marked the “China-Brazil Year of Culture,” and that the encounter between the Chinese Spring Festival and Brazilian Carnival gave more Brazilians an opportunity to experience the appeal of Chinese culture. On February 28, the Chinese Association of Brazil and 16 Zhejiang-origin Chinese associations jointly organized a Lantern Festival garden gathering in São Paulo, attracting tens of thousands of people to taste food and watch performances. Yu Peng, Consul General of China in São Paulo, said in his opening remarks: “This year, the Chinese Spring Festival and Brazilian Carnival happened to coincide. The most important festivals in the two cultures met in the same time and space.”

04
Festival Scenes Abroad Argentina

In Buenos Aires, the landmark Women’s Bridge was illuminated in “Chinese red” to celebrate the Year of the Horse.

Visitor Guide

Preparation · Etiquette · Take Part with Confidence

Spring Festival · Visitor Guide

Start with Understanding, Step into the Festival with Confidence

01 Before You Join Pre-Trip Preparation: ### Adapting to the Climate From mid- to late February, climate conditions vary significantly across China: Region Temperature Range Climate Characteristics Clothing Recommendations North China (Beijing, Xi’an) -5°C to 5°C Cold and dry, with frequent wind and dust Down jacket, thermal underwear, scarf, gloves, face mask East China (Shanghai, Hangzhou) 0°C to 10°C Damp cold; the perceived temperature is often lower Down jacket, thermal underwear, waterproof outerwear South China (Guangzhou, Shenzhen) 8°C to 18°C Mild, with occasional rain Lightweight down jacket or thick coat; bring rain gear Southwest China (Chengdu, Chongqing) 3°C to 12°C Chilly and humid, often foggy Thick coat, thermal underwear, rain gear Northeast China (Harbin, Changchun) -20°C to -8°C Severe cold, with snow and ice Extreme-cold-weather down jacket, snow boots, and full heavy thermal clothing General Advice: Indoor spaces in northern China are generally heated. Layered clothing—lighter layers inside and heavier layers outside—is recommended so you can adjust easily when moving between indoor and outdoor environments. ### Travel Insurance It is strongly recommended to purchase travel insurance covering the following: * Accidental injury and medical treatment for acute illness, including outpatient care * Loss of or damage to personal belongings * Travel delays or cancellations, which are especially common for flights and trains during the Spring Festival travel rush ### Currency and Payment * Currency: Renminbi (CNY). * Cash: Cash is often more reliable at temple fairs, markets, and similar venues. Carrying RMB 200–500 in cash is recommended. * Cards: Visa and MasterCard are accepted at major hotels and shopping centers. * Mobile payment: Alipay and WeChat Pay are widely used throughout China. ### Communications and Internet * Important: Crowds are extremely large during the Spring Festival period, and 4G/5G networks may become congested. It is strongly recommended to download offline maps in advance. Baidu Maps and AutoNavi are recommended; download maps for your destination cities to your phone while connected to Wi-Fi. 02 Before You Join How to Get There: ### Distribution of Major Celebration Venues The Spring Festival is celebrated nationwide, with events held throughout China. The following destinations are particularly recommended: Destination Highlights Transportation Beijing Ditan Temple Fair, Longtan Lake Temple Fair, Forbidden City Spring Festival special exhibitions Beijing Capital International Airport / Daxing International Airport; Beijing Railway Station / Beijing West / Beijing South high-speed rail hubs Xi’an Grand Tang Mall Spring Festival Lantern Festival, City Wall Lantern Festival Xi’an Xianyang International Airport; Xi’an North Railway Station Hongdong, Shanxi Dahuaishu Folk Chinese New Year celebrations Fly to Linfen Airport or take high-speed rail to Linfen West, then transfer by road to Hongdong Chengdu Wuhou Shrine Grand Temple Fair, Jinsha Sun Festival, lantern fairs Shuangliu / Tianfu airports; Chengdu East Railway Station Guangzhou Yuexiu Flower Market, Guangfu Temple Fair Baiyun International Airport; Guangzhou South Railway Station Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, ice-lantern garden fairs Taiping International Airport; Harbin West Railway Station Shanghai Yuyuan Lantern Festival, City God Temple Fair Pudong / Hongqiao airports; Hongqiao Railway Station / Shanghai Railway Station ### Special Transportation Reminders The Spring Festival travel rush, or Chunyun (春运), is the world’s largest annual movement of people and places enormous pressure on transportation systems: Flights: * The week before and after the Spring Festival is the busiest period. Booking flights two to three months in advance is recommended. * Fares are highest during the three days before Lunar New Year’s Eve. * Traveling during off-peak periods, such as on Lunar New Year’s Eve itself or on the first day of the first lunar month, may offer lower fares. High-Speed Rail / Trains: * Tickets during Chunyun often sell out almost immediately after release. Use the Railway 12306 App to purchase tickets exactly fifteen days in advance. * The waitlist function can improve your chances of securing a ticket; selecting multiple train services for the waitlist is recommended. * For short-distance journeys such as Beijing → Tianjin or Shanghai → Hangzhou, long-distance buses may be considered, as tickets are often relatively easier to obtain. Driving: * During the Spring Festival period, small passenger vehicles with seven seats or fewer may use expressways free of charge; exact dates are subject to announcements by the State Council. * Expressways are often heavily congested during the toll-free period. Traveling outside peak hours is recommended. * Check real-time traffic conditions in advance and avoid congested routes. Urban Transportation Tips: * Traffic controls are imposed around temple fairs and lantern festivals, and private vehicles are prohibited from entering certain areas. * Metro and public buses are recommended for reaching event venues. * Major temple fairs are generally located near metro stations, making public transportation convenient and efficient. 03 Before You Join Accommodation Reservations: Key Point Recommendation When to book Accommodation is in very high demand nationwide during Chunyun. Book two to three months in advance. Hotel prices in popular destinations may double or even triple Recommended areas Near major event venues in each city, such as around Ditan Park in Beijing, Grand Tang Mall in Xi’an, or Wuhou Shrine in Chengdu Accommodation types Luxury hotels for full-service comfort, budget chain hotels for value, and distinctive guesthouses or courtyard residences for cultural experiences Price reference Prices generally rise during the Spring Festival: budget hotels around RMB 300–600 per night, mid-range hotels around RMB 600–1,200, and high-end hotels above RMB 1,200 Booking platforms Major platforms such as Ctrip, Qunar, and Meituan; rooms with free cancellation are preferable Spring Festival features Some hotels and guesthouses offer reunion-dinner packages and dumpling-making activities; ask when booking 04 Before You Join Event Schedule and Venues: ### Pre-Festival Preparations *(Twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month through the days before Lunar New Year’s Eve)* Date Activity Description Twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month (February 9) Little New Year Worship the Kitchen God and begin the year-end cleaning. In northern China, Little New Year falls on the twenty-third day; in southern China, it is generally observed on the twenty-fourth Twenty-fourth day of the twelfth lunar month until before New Year’s Eve Sweeping Away the Dust Clean the house thoroughly, clearing away the old and welcoming the new Twenty-eighth day of the twelfth lunar month (February 14) Put up paper-cut window decorations and Spring Festival couplets In some areas, households begin putting up couplets, the character 福, and window paper-cuts Twenty-ninth day of the twelfth lunar month (February 15) Prepare New Year goods and steam niangao Final New Year shopping and preparation of ingredients for New Year’s Eve Lunar New Year’s Eve (February 16) Reunion Dinner and Staying Up for the New Year Put up Spring Festival couplets, worship ancestors, gather for the family reunion dinner, stay awake late to welcome the New Year, and receive lucky money from elders ### During the Spring Festival *(First through seventh day of the first lunar month)* Date Activity Description First day of the first lunar month (February 17) Spring Festival Set off opening firecrackers, exchange New Year greetings, eat dumplings / tangyuan / niangao; avoid sweeping the floor or taking out rubbish Second day (February 18) Married daughters return to their parental homes; welcome the God of Wealth Married daughters visit their birth families, while shops worship the God of Wealth Third day (February 19) Red Dog Day A day traditionally suited to quiet rather than activity; people in some areas go out less Fourth day (February 20) Welcome the Kitchen God Ceremonially welcome the Kitchen God back Fifth day (February 21) Breaking the Fifth and Welcoming the God of Wealth The most important day for welcoming the God of Wealth; businesses formally reopen Sixth day (February 22) Sending Away Poverty Send away the God of Poverty and carry out a thorough cleaning Seventh day (February 23) Renri (人日) Traditionally regarded as the birthday of humankind ### Major Recommended Events by Region Beijing Ditan Temple Fair *(First through sixth day of the first lunar month)*: * One of Beijing’s most famous traditional temple fairs, with a history spanning several centuries * Folk performances, traditional snacks, intangible cultural heritage crafts, and reenactments of Qing-style rites of sacrifice to the Earth * Location: Ditan Park, Dongcheng District; direct access from Yonghegong Station on Metro Lines 2 and 5 Beijing Longtan Lake Temple Fair *(First through sixth day of the first lunar month)*: * Known for folk culture, water-based activities, and an ice-and-snow carnival * Location: Longtan Lake Park, Dongcheng District Xi’an Grand Tang Mall Spring Festival Lantern Festival *(From Lunar New Year’s Eve to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month)*: * Tens of millions of lanterns illuminated at once, accompanied by Tang-style parades * Signature performances such as the “Tumbler Girl” and “Prosperous Tang Mystery Box” * Location: Grand Tang Mall, Qujiang New District, Xi’an Xi’an City Wall Lantern Festival *(Spring Festival through Lantern Festival)*: * A large-scale lantern festival staged along the ancient Ming-dynasty city wall * Location: Xi’an City Wall, with access from the South Gate Chengdu Wuhou Shrine Grand Temple Fair *(First through seventh day of the first lunar month)*: * A large-scale temple fair combining Three Kingdoms culture with traditional folk customs * Location: Chengdu Wuhou Shrine Museum Hongdong Dahuaishu Folk Chinese New Year, Shanxi *(First through fifteenth day of the first lunar month)*: * Twelve zodiac animals welcoming the New Year, the “first incense” of the Hundred Surnames, and genealogical root-seeking activities * Large-scale nightly light shows and live performances * Traditional food festival, intangible cultural heritage performances, and blessing ceremonies * Location: Dahuaishu Root-Seeking and Ancestor-Worship Park, Hongdong County, Linfen, Shanxi ### Lantern Festival *(Fifteenth day of the first lunar month, March 3)* The Lantern Festival marks the final climax of the Spring Festival celebrations: Activity Description Viewing Lanterns Large-scale lantern festivals are held across China, including the Xi’an City Wall Lantern Festival and Shanghai Yuyuan Lantern Festival Guessing Lantern Riddles Riddles are hung from lanterns for visitors to solve Eating Yuanxiao Round glutinous-rice foods symbolizing reunion and fulfillment Dragon and Lion Dances Folk parades are held through streets across the country

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