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Munao Zongge

Munao ZonggeMunao Zongge Festival Guide

「 目瑙纵歌舞,万人共欢腾。 」

The Munao Zongge Festival is the grandest and most solemn traditional festival of the Jingpo people, celebrated as the “Dance of Heaven” and the “Dance of Ten Thousand Revelers.” Each year, around the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, Jingpo…

The Munao Zongge Festival is the grandest and most solemn traditional ethnic festival of the Jingpo people — a cross-border ethnic group known as the Kachin in Myanmar. It is celebrated as the “Dance of Heaven” and the “Dance of Ten Thousand Revelers.”

In 2006, Munao Zongge was included in the first batch of China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage List.

As Jingpo culture has reached wider audiences through international exchange and social media, Munao Zongge has become an important symbol of global cultural interaction — from grand traditional celebrations in Kachin State, Myanmar, to flash-mob cultural showcases in Jakarta’s Old Town; from its striking appearance at the Colchester Carnival in the United Kingdom to cross-cultural dancing at the Edinburgh Festival Carnival.

Its infectious rhythms and the spectacular sight of thousands dancing together have spread rapidly around the world. In 2026, topics and derivative creations based on the adapted version of Munao Zongge surpassed a combined 3.7 billion views across online platforms.

Munao Zongge / Munao Zongge Festival Guide

Event Schedule and Venues

### Core Dates of the Munao Zongge Festival

Traditionally, the Munao Zongge Festival is held around the fifteenth day of the first lunar month each year.

Specific dates vary slightly among towns and villages, with celebrations unfolding in stages from mid-February through late March. Across Dehong Prefecture, the festival takes on the character of “celebrations blossoming in many places, one after another.”

The core schedule is as follows:

Venue Date Location Core Activities
Mangshi — New Spring Munao Zongge February 20, fourth day of the first lunar month Mangshi Square New Spring Munao Zongge
Mangshi — Lantern Festival Munao Zongge Festival March 2–4, fourteenth to sixteenth days of the first lunar month Mangshi Square; China Dehong Jingpo International Munao Zongge Cultural Park Welcome gala, opening ceremony, mass communal dancing, bonfire evening, music carnival
Mengdian Village, Mengxiu Township, Ruili March 2–3 Mengdian Munao Zongge Ground Opening ceremony, Munao Zongge celebration, bonfire evening
Longchuan County — Pengsheng Tongken Munao Zongge Festival March 3–4 Pengsheng Square, Jinghan Town Traditional Munao Zongge Festival and heritage base
Yingjiang County March 13–15 Jingpo Cultural Park Grand Munao Zongge gathering
Kunming — Yunnan Ethnic Village March 28 Jingpo Village, Yunnan Ethnic Village Munao Zongge Festival
Ruili City May 2–3 Pase Munao Zongge Ground Munao Zongge Festival

### Traditional Customs and Cultural Background

The origins of Munao Zongge can be traced back to early communal society.

According to legend, in ancient times Munao Zongge was a dance performed in the palace of the Sun. Jingpo ancestors brought the dance to the human world by learning the steps of the sacred peacock, and it gradually evolved into a communal celebration.

Its main customs include:

Custom Description
Munao Shidong Totem poles more than ten meters high stand in the center of the dance ground, painted with the sun, moon, spiral dance patterns, and ancestral migration routes. They are regarded as a “living history book” of the Jingpo people
Naushawng and Nauba Munao Zongge is led by the Naushawng, wearing peacock-feather headdresses, and the Nauba, dressed in dragon robes. The Naushawng follows prescribed ceremonial dance steps, while the Nauba leads others through freer and more energetic movement
Mass Communal Dancing Tens of thousands follow the leaders’ steps and drumbeats. The dance is characterized by grounded steps and shoulder movements. Men carry long swords, while women hold colorful fans or handkerchiefs
Ritual Prayer and Blessing Munao Zongge originated in ritual practices of early society and later developed into ceremonies seeking favorable weather, protection from disaster, and good fortune

### Major Recommended Activities

Mangshi — Lantern Festival Munao Zongge Festival, March 2–4:

Mangshi is one of the main centers of the Munao Zongge Festival.

Activities include:

* Welcome gala, serving as the prelude to the opening ceremony and including the release of the festival theme song

* Formal opening ceremony

* Mass communal dancing, following the steps of the Naushawng and Nauba

* Bonfire evening

* Music carnival

* Cultural and artistic performances

Locations: Mangshi Square and the China Dehong Jingpo International Munao Zongge Cultural Park.

Mengdian Village, Mengxiu Township, Ruili — March 2–3:

Mengdian Village in Mengxiu Township, Ruili, hosts a two-day Munao Zongge Festival including an opening ceremony, communal dancing celebration, bonfire evening, and other activities.

Longchuan County — 42nd Pengsheng Tongken Munao Zongge Festival, March 3–4:

Pengsheng in Jinghan Town, Longchuan County, is a major heritage base for the Munao Zongge Festival. One of the most traditional celebrations is held there each year.

Thousands of Jingpo people in festive attire gather with visitors from different regions at the Munao Zongge grounds, forming long, flowing lines of dancers.

Yingjiang County — Munao Zongge Festival, March 13–15:

The nationally recognized Jingpo Munao Zongge gathering is held at the Jingpo Cultural Park in Yingjiang County.

Tens of thousands of people from different ethnic communities, together with visitors from many regions, gather to dance this thousand-year-old traditional song and dance.

Kunming — Yunnan Ethnic Village, March 28:

A Munao Zongge Festival themed “Carry Forward Munao Zongge · Strengthen a Shared Chinese Community” opens in the Jingpo Village at Yunnan Ethnic Village.

Jingpo participants and people from different ethnic groups gather together, dancing joyfully around the Munao Shidong to powerful drumbeats.

Pre-Trip Preparation

### Visas and Entry

Dehong Prefecture in Yunnan, where the Munao Zongge Festival is held, follows China’s unified visa policies:

* 240-Hour Visa-Free Transit for Citizens of 54 Countries: Travelers may enjoy up to 240 hours of visa-free transit, with the permitted stay area covering Yunnan Province.

* Tour Groups from ASEAN Countries: Groups organized through travel agencies may enter visa-free through designated ports.

* Other Nationalities: Apply in advance for a tourist visa, or L visa, through the relevant Chinese embassy or consulate and ensure that your passport remains valid for more than six months.

* Latest Policies: Before departure, consult the official website of China’s National Immigration Administration or the relevant embassy or consulate.

### Adapting to the Climate

The Munao Zongge Festival is held around the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, corresponding approximately to mid-February through late March.

At this time, Dehong has the following climatic characteristics:

* Temperature: Average daily temperatures of around 12°C–24°C. Days are warm and comfortable, while mornings and evenings are cooler.

* Sunlight: Ultraviolet exposure is relatively strong, so sun protection is important on clear days.

* Rainfall: March has relatively little rain and is predominantly sunny, making it suitable for outdoor activities.

* Clothing: Use a layered system — long-sleeved T-shirts or thin shirts during the day, with a light jacket or sun-protective outer layer for mornings and evenings.

Shoes should be comfortable athletic shoes or flat shoes, as Munao Zongge involves long periods of standing and dancing.

### Travel Insurance

It is strongly recommended to purchase travel insurance covering:

* Accidental injury and acute illness treatment, including outpatient care

* Loss of or damage to personal belongings

* Travel delays or cancellations

### Currency and Payment

* Currency: Renminbi (CNY).

* Cash: Carry a reasonable amount of cash. Network signals in towns and villages may be unstable, making cash payments more reliable.

* Cards: Visa and MasterCard may be used in larger hotels and supermarkets in urban areas such as Mangshi and Ruili; they are generally not accepted in smaller towns.

* Mobile Payment: Alipay and WeChat Pay are widely used in urban areas across Dehong Prefecture.

### Communications and Internet

* Important: The Munao Zongge Festival attracts very large crowds, and 4G/5G networks may become congested.

* It is strongly recommended to download offline maps in advance. Use Baidu Maps or AutoNavi and download the Dehong Prefecture map to your phone while connected to Wi-Fi.

How to Get There

### Core Venue: Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture

Transportation Details
Air Dehong Mangshi International Airport serves Kunming, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou, and other major domestic cities. Booking flights one month in advance is recommended
High-Speed Rail / Train High-speed rail between Kunming and Baoshan is in operation. From Baoshan Station, continue by road to cities and counties across Dehong; alternatively, take a train to Dali and transfer by road
Long-Distance Bus Kunming West Bus Station operates direct services to Mangshi, with a journey of approximately 8–9 hours
Driving Hangzhou–Ruili Expressway, G56, reaches Mangshi directly. Traffic restrictions apply around festival venues, so use designated parking areas

### Transportation Tips During the Festival

* Longchuan County: During the festival, dedicated Bus Routes 9 and 10 operate as shuttle services from 7:20 to 21:30, at intervals of approximately 20 minutes.

* Mangshi: Traffic is heavy around Mangshi Square and surrounding roads. Prioritize walking or public transportation.

* Travel Recommendation: The essence of Munao Zongge is joining the dancing procession. Park vehicles in designated areas and participate mainly on foot.

Accommodation Reservations

Key Point Recommendation
When to Book Early March is a busy tourism period in Dehong. Book more than one month in advance
Mangshi Mangshi urban area — convenient transportation and many hotel options; areas near the Munao Zongge Cultural Park
Longchuan Zhangfeng Town — county center; Jinghan Town — close to the Pengsheng venue
Yingjiang Yingjiang County town and areas near the Jingpo Cultural Park
Ruili Ruili urban area, with its China–Myanmar border atmosphere
Price Reference Budget around RMB 150–300 per night, mid-range RMB 300–600, high-end accommodation above RMB 600
Booking Platforms Major platforms such as Ctrip, Qunar, and Meituan; rooms with free cancellation are preferable
Guesthouse Experience Staying in a Jingpo-style guesthouse offers an opportunity to experience Jingpo food culture and hospitality

Pre-Trip Packing Checklist

Category Essential Items Special Notes
Clothing Long-sleeved T-shirts, light jacket / sun-protective outer layer, long trousers Dehong is cool in mornings and evenings but warm during the day in March. Dress in layers. Comfortable old clothing is recommended for extended dancing
Shoes Comfortable non-slip athletic shoes / flat shoes Essential — Munao Zongge involves long periods of standing and dancing
Sun Protection SPF30+ sunscreen, sun hat, sunglasses Highland UV exposure should not be overlooked
Rain Gear Folding umbrella or lightweight raincoat as backup March is relatively dry, but carrying rain protection is recommended
Medicine Cold medicine, gastrointestinal medicine, adhesive bandages Useful for climate changes and dietary differences
Electronics Power bank, phone, camera Charging facilities at activity venues may be limited
Storage Small bag / waist pouch for documents and cash Protect belongings in crowded areas
Other Tissues / wet wipes, insulated bottle Facilities may be limited in smaller towns

Cultural Respect

### Respect for Religious Belief and Ritual Etiquette

Munao Zongge originated in ritual practices of early society and was initially associated with warfare, harvest celebrations, and ceremonial worship.

* Remain Solemn During Rituals: Stay quiet and respectful during opening ceremonies and ritual segments. Do not shout, laugh loudly, or play around.

* Do Not Interfere: Do not obstruct or disturb the normal conduct of ritual ceremonies.

* Viewing Etiquette: If permitted to observe a ritual, remain in designated areas, do not move around freely, and do not touch offerings or ritual objects.

* Photography Restrictions: Some stages of the ceremony may prohibit photography. Confirm with on-site staff in advance.

### Etiquette When Joining the Dance

* Follow the Lead Dancers: Munao Zongge is led by the Naushawng and Nauba. Follow their steps and the drum rhythm; do not cut into the procession or disrupt the formation.

* Order of Entry: Once the ritual opening dance begins, the Naushawng leads the procession into the dance ground, followed by others carrying long swords, fans, and other objects. Visitors should join from the rear or within designated areas.

* Using Props: Jingpo men dance with long swords, while women carry colorful fans or handkerchiefs. Visitors without props can simply follow the dance empty-handed.

* Respect the Leaders: The Naushawng and Nauba serve as the “spiritual leaders” of Munao Zongge. Respect their guidance.

### Photography Etiquette

* Ask Permission: Before photographing Jingpo participants in festive attire, elderly people, or children, smile and ask first.

* Respect Portrait Rights: Do not use photographs of others commercially without consent.

* Drone Regulations: Drone flights over festival venues require advance registration with local public-security authorities.

### Safety Guidelines

* Crowd Safety: Tens of thousands may dance together, creating very dense crowds. Stay alert and supervise elderly family members and children.

* Property Safety: Store valuables in the hotel safe and carry only essentials at the event.

* Traffic Safety: Traffic controls are imposed around festival venues. Follow instructions from traffic police.

* Sun Protection and Hydration: March sunlight can be strong. Use sun protection and drink enough water.

* Food Hygiene: Markets in towns and villages focus on local specialties. Choose food that has been thoroughly cooked and heated.

Practical Emergency Information

Item Contact / Description
Emergency Numbers Police 110, Fire 119, Ambulance 120, Government Service Hotline 0692-12345
Major Hospitals Dehong Prefecture People’s Hospital in Mangshi; People’s Hospitals in each county and city
Tourist Police / Lost Property Permanent police posts are located at all major venues. Report lost valuables immediately to the nearest police office
Tourist Information Dehong Prefecture Culture and Tourism Bureau and official cultural-tourism platforms of each county and city
Time Zone UTC+8, China Standard Time
Voltage / Plugs 220V; plug types A / C / I

Special Reminders:

* Multiple Main Venues: The Munao Zongge Festival is held successively in multiple locations across Dehong — Mangshi on February 20 and March 2–4, Ruili on March 2–3, Longchuan on March 3–4, Yingjiang on March 13–15, and Kunming on March 28. Confirm the exact date and location of your chosen venue before departure.

* Festival Shuttles: Dedicated shuttle buses operate for the Pengsheng venue in Longchuan County. Prioritize public transportation.

* Respect Belief: Munao Zongge originated in early ritual practices. Remain solemn during opening ceremonies and ritual segments.

* Mass Communal Dancing: Munao Zongge is the “Dance of Ten Thousand.” Crowds are extremely large, so take care of personal belongings and watch elderly family members and children.

* Weather Awareness: March weather in Dehong is warm and pleasant, but there can be significant temperature differences between morning and evening. Check weather conditions before departure.

* Jingpo Clothing: If possible, traditional Jingpo clothing can be rented or purchased locally for participation in the dance, allowing you to become more immersed in the festival atmosphere.

*May you experience the distinctive charm of a thousand years of Jingpo intangible cultural heritage amid the steps of thousands dancing Munao Zongge together, and receive the beautiful blessing of “favorable weather, good fortune, and lasting well-being” amid the powerful drumbeats and flowing melodies.*

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